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Glossary: alkalinity

Measure of the buffering capacity of a given water body, i.e. its capacity to neutralize acids and bases thereby maintaining a  fairly stable pH. Water containing compounds, such as bicarbonates,
carbonates, and hydroxides has a stronger such capacity and is referred to as hard water, while water lacking or deficient in them is termed soft water. Soft water aquaria tend to be susceptible to pH crashes if not maintained correctly.