Common name for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a protozoan which infects freshwater fish. Commonly referred to as white spot due to the characteristic white nodules formed under the skin or gill tissue during the feeding stage of its life cycle.

A chemical or organic substance which kills fishes.

The fish life inhabiting a particular habitat, country, or region.

A fossil or fossilized part of a fish.

Branch of zoology concerned with the study of fishes.

Eating or otherwise subsisting on fishes.

Any toxic substance derived from fishes.

Abbreviation for The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, the organisation responsible for producing and regulating the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the current edition of which is located here.

Printed or computer-aided table or other device assisting identification of species. Normally presented in the form of a single-access key.

Type of seasonally-inundated floodplain forest in the Amazon region. The term is normally used for those forests flooded by blackwater rivers.

Minor tributary stream or small river in the Amazon region, the name deriving from the native nheengatu language. It literally translates as ‘canoe path’ since most igarapés are navigable by canoe or small boat and they are traditionally important as a means of transport and communication.

A body of water, such as a reservoir, formed by artificially-aided accumulation and storage.

In its original place or position.

Process of protecting and maintaining an organism within its natural habitat.

Breeding between related individuals within an isolated or otherwise closed group of organisms. Can lead to inbreeding depression but also practised intentionally by ornamental fish breeders in order to maintain or develop particular traits.

Reduced fitness in a given population or group of organisms as a result of inbreeding.

In zoological nomenclature, of uncertain taxonomic position.

Beginning to appear or develop, e.g., emergence of anatomical structures during a larval stage.

Having the form of or resembling a mammalian incisor tooth; chisel-shaped. Used in reference to the shape of teeth found in some fishes, e.g., certain members of the family Serrasalmidae.