homologous
Exhibiting a a degree of similarity, e.g., in anatomical position, structure, function, or character that may suggest a shared ancestral or evolutionary origin.
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Ichthyological terms, not general ones.
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clade
A group of organisms sharing homologous features, believed to have evolved from a common ancestor following the principles of cladistics; a monophyletic group; a grouping hypothesised on the basis of phylogenetic information.
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placoid scale
Tooth-shaped scale-type found in certain fishes, e.g., sharks, rays. Structurally homologous with vertebrate teeth.