Results for “pre-”

This fish may well be a form of R. dandia itself but in the absence of scientific confirmation we list it with a 'cf' abbreviation for the time being. It appears to be widely available in the trade but is often (mis)identified as R. wilpita, a species now confirmed as endemic to a small number of streams in Sri Lanka and which is probably much rarer in the hobby than previously thought. Valenciennes initially described Leuciscus dandia as a new species from Sri Lanka in 1844 but the...

The precise extent of this species' range is unclear. The majority of records pertain to the lower rio Xingu basin in the state of Pará, northern Brazil, including middle and lower reaches of its major tributary the rio Iriri, although the type locality is in Mato Grosso state several hundred kilometres upstream. There also exist a handful of records from the rio Jamanxim (a major affluent of the rio Tapajós which drain...

At present there's not a great deal of information available regarding this species. It seems to be fairly easy to keep, and makes a good addition to larger community tanks.

At present there's not a great deal of information available regarding this species. It seems to be fairly easy to keep, and makes a nice, unusual addition to larger community tanks.

This species has been exported for the ornamental trade but often labelled as the congener R. mekongianus. Although the two do appear relatively similar R. chiengmaiensis can be identified by a combination of external characters including: presence of 5 irregular dark markings on the body (vs. 7-8 i...

Presumably inhabits small rivers, tributaries and streams with substrates of gravel, rocks, boulders, and exposed bedrock which undergo seasonal variations in water flow rate, depth and turbidity. Lanyu Island is volcanic, measures just 45 km² and has no major rivers or large settlements with a permanent human population of around 4000, although there is a large nuclear waste storage facility at its southern end.

It's unlikely that this species has been in the aquarium hobby given its natural range and the lack of commercial fishing for the ornamental trade in that area. Among congeners it's most similar to R. davidi but can be told apart by presence of 8 (vs. always 9 in R. davidi) soft dorsal-fin rays, 10 (vs. 11-12) transverse scale rows, and 6-7 (vs. 8-10) scales between the first dorsal-fin origin and upper pectoral-fin base.

This species has been in the aquarium trade since 2010 and is sold under several names including 'Chinese vermilion goby', 'Zhou's scarlet goby', 'scarlet goby', and 'flame goby'. It can be told apart from congeners by the following combination of characters: second dorsal-fin rays I, 8-9; anal-fin rays I, 7-8; pectoral-fin rays 16-18; longitudinal scale series 29-31; predorsal scales 10-12; vertebral count 10+16=26.

An interesting but rare species in the hobby, R. woodsi is nicknamed the "parrot doradid" due to its inquisitive feeding habits, and the curious bony growth extending from the upper mouthparts. The precise use of the bony growth isn't known, although one theory suggests it provides protection for the delicate barbels. Another hypothesis considers that it's some sort of feeding tool, possibly being used to lever aquatic invertebrates from crevices in submerged logs and roots....

S. chalakkudiensis can be told apart from S. denisonii by possession of an inferior mouth (vs. subterminal) and presence of a black marking in the dorsal-fin (vs. absence), and the scarlet body stripe being duller and terminating beneath or anterior to the dorsal-fin origin (vs. brighter and terminating beneath the centre of the dorsal-fin).

At present there are 5 sub-species, Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron, S. m. heudelotii, S. m. leonensis, S. m. nigripinnis and S. m. paludinosus. Confusingly, some of these are maternal mouthbrooders. It has been introduced into several countries for aquaculture purposes and thriving populations now exist in areas of Asia, Europe and the USA....

S. jurupari is also known as 'demon fish', 'jurupari earth eater', 'green horse face', or simply 'jurupari' in the aquarium hobby. It can be distinguished from other members of the genus by the following combination of characters: presence of a relatively small dark ocellus on the upper caudal-fin base; absence of well-defined dark blot...

S. pappaterra is relatively rare in the ornamental trade and much sought after by enthusiasts. It is easily distinguished from all known congeners by presence of a series of prominent black blotches beneath the dorsal-fin, plus a well-defined dark band extending along the side of the body. In recent genetic analyses its genetic distinctness was strongly supported, with S. jurupari and S. leucosticta its closest relatives.

Fishes which inhabit similar biotopes in nature constitute the best options, especially peaceful, open water-dwelling cyprinids since the presence of one or two schools can make a visible difference to the confidence of this naturally reclusive loach.

It can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: caudal peduncle deep, ≥ the deepest part of the remainder of the body; no dorsal or ventral skin crests along the caudal peduncle; caudal-fin deeply forked, the outermost principal rays in the upper and lower lobes more than twice the length of the innermost: suborbital flap in males present; a well-developed suborbital groove in females; 6–8 very regular bars along the flank.

This species' conservation status clearly precludes its suitability as an aquarium fish so it's included here for reasons of interest only. It's protected by Thai national law and illegal to remove from its habitat. Species exhibiting morphological, physiological or behavioral adaptations to a subterranean existence are often referred to as troglomorphic.

This species is distributed in the middle Mekong River basin in north and northeastern Thailand, Myanmar and Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, southern China, and is also known from the Nam Beng, Nam Tha and Nam Yuoan drainages in Laos. Type locality is 'Laun We (Loi Mw...

This species is not a well-known aquarium fish but is maintained by a number of Indian enthusiasts. It can be told apart from related species by the following combination of characters as per Sreekantha et al. (2006): pectoral-fin rays 10; absence of black spot at base of dorsal-fin; presence of rows of spots on caudal-fin; lateral line incomplete; caudal-fin slightly emarginate; 11-14 vertical bars on the body.

This species is sometimes traded for aquaria but its name also appears to have been widely misapplied to other fishes. It can be identified via the following combination of characters: presence of 8-10 quite regular dark bars...

Schistura species are omnivorous although the bulk of their diet consists of small insects, worms, crustaceans and other zooplankton with only relatively small amounts of plant matter consumed, mostly via the stomach contents of prey items. In the aquarium they will acc...