Results for “pre-”

There are currently eleven species in the genus most of which have previously been included in Puntius, Barbus and the now defunct genus Gonoproktopterus. Of these the only ones we've seen in the trade are H. jerdoni and H. curmuca although it's possible that others have been exported in small numbers or as contaminants among shipments of other species. Even these two are very rarely encountered and little has been written about the group as a whole....

This species is migratory on a seasonal basis; during the dry season it can be found in larger river channels, whereas during drier months it moves into smaller tributaries and flooded forests. Apparently displays a preference for rocky habitats and is not known to adapt to reservoirs or other artificial impoundments.

H. wetmorei is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: upper body reddish brown; robust body, not compressed; usually 4½ scale rows between lateral line and dorsal-fin origin; 8-12 rakers on first gill arch; 7-9 predorsal scales; 14 circumpeduncular scale rows; usually two scale rows separating vent and anal-fin; <29 lateral line scales; 9-14 serrations on the spinous dorsal-fin ray; distance between distal serrae on posterior margin of last unbranched dorsal-fin ray much greater than the width of their bases.

I. geisleri is typically exported for the aquarium trade alongside the similar-looking congener I. adujai (Géry, 1970) but can be identified by presence (vs. absence in I. adujai) of a black lateral stripe on the body beneath the red stripe, and possession of 20-25 (vs. 28-34) anal-fin rays.

All Iksookimia species are endemic to Korea, and I. pumila is known only from the Baek River drainage in south-western Korea where its presence has been undermined at some localities due to construction of a dam in the middle reaches of the river during the late 1990s. Type locality is 'Paikchon stream at Sangso-myon, Puan-gun, Chollabuk-do, South Korea'. The reservoir formed by the dam has also be...

The monotypic genus Incisilabeo is separated from the closely-related taxon Bangana by presence of a unique and conspicuous transverse notch across the top of the head, comparable in position to the ethmoid furrow in Bangana species. This notch approaches the eye, and the top of the head bulges forward, with the nostrils located partially beneath this projection and immediately anterior to the eyes. Tubercles cover the upper portion of the rostral fold, lower part of the notch, and upper surface of the forehead projection...

This pretty little species can be seen for sale with various common names, including the 'blue emperor', 'regal' or 'royal' tetra. It's sometimes confused with the emperor tetra, Nematobrycon palmeri but can be easily distinguished as it possesses an adipose fin, whilst Nematobrycon species do not. The genus Inpaichthys is currently monotypic (contains only one species), and like other related genera such as Hyphessobrycon its taxonomic status is Incertae s...

There also exists a sister-group relationship between the Melanotaeniidae and Malagasy family Bedotiidae, which may seem surprising given their respective modern-day distributional patterns. The precise origin and subsequent dispersal of the two families has been the subject of debate, with some palentologists suggesting that Madagascar's freshwater fishes derived froma trans-oceanic dispersal during the Cenozoic Era, but the most compelling arguments currently indicate a freshwater radiation which occurred during the Mezozoic break-up of Gondwana.

This species was previously included in the genus Nannacara before being moved to the newly-erected taxon Ivanacara by Römer and Hahn (2006)....

This species differs from congeners in the presence of papillae covering the mouthparts (lips, barbels, and lobes) which are absent in other species. It's also the largest species in the genus and the serrae on the second pectoral fin rays in males form a broa...

We're unaware of this species having yet appeared in the aquarium trade although a few private collectors have experience with it. Among congeners it uniquely possesses a simple suborbital spine and further differs from K. pristes by: smaller adult size (13.5 mm SL vs. 40); presence of a long nasal barbel (vs. absence); anatomy of the modified second pectoral ray in males (6-7 fine, narrow serrae vs. 8-11 pointed, anteriorly-orientated serrae). In K. hipporhynchos the serrae on the second pectoral ray in males form a broad, contiguous blade-like structure but other differences are the same as for K. pristes.

The genus Kottelatlimia was erected by Nalbant (1994) to accommodate K. katik which had previously been assigned to Lepidocephalichthys but differs in various aspects noted earlier by Kottelat and Lim (1992) including: relatively small adult size; scaleless...

Generally peaceful though it may predate on smaller fishes and is somewhat timid so does not compete well with much larger, robust or otherwise boisterous species. Peaceful, comparably-sized cyprinids, loaches and other catfishes perhaps constitute the best options but be sure to research your choices thoroughly prior to purchase.

This species is almost unheard of in the aquarium trade though may occasionally be exported among shipments of wild fishes from Sumatra. It's closely-related to K. bichirris but is told apart by presence (vs. absence) of a prominent, dark lateral stripe on each flank. Kryptopterus species are found only in Southeast Asia and the genus has been consi...

This species can be distinguished by the following characters: juveniles with brown body and dark marking at base of caudal-fin; 37-42 + 3-4 lateral line scales; 11½ branched dorsal-fin rays; 7½ scale rows between lateral line and dorsal-fin origin; 20-25 predorsal scales; dorsal-fin relatively small with anterior branched rays shorter than head in juveniles, slightly longer than head in adults.

Native to the lower Amazon river basin in Brazil with some populations exhibiting differences in colour pattern to one another, particularly in respect of the degree of red and blue pigmentation on the body and fins. Type locality is given simply as 'Amazon River, Brazil'. Field observations suggest it to display a pref...

A charming little cichlid with real character, L. ocellatus is a deservedly popular hobbyists' fish. It has an endearing habit of burying its shell and defending it against all-comers. Many an unsuspecting hobbyist has recieved a sharp nip from an ocellatus who feels its territory is being invaded. Neighbouring shells may also be buried to prevent other fish moving in. Koning has hypothesisesd that the burying of the shell and the resultant pile of sand around it not only provides additiona...

This species has been introduced into many areas in Africa for commercial purposes, and it's had a hugely detrimental effect on local fish populations in some of these environments. The most notable case is that of Lake Victoria, where much of the endemic cichlid population has been wiped out. L. niloticus is thought to have directly contributed to the extinction of over 200 endemic species in the lake by predation, or outcompeting them for food. The IUCN have included it in their list of t...

It can be distinguished from other members of the genus by the following characters: dark longitudinal stripe on body, extending from eye to caudal peduncle; scattered tubercles present on lower jaw; 14½-16½ branched anal-fin rays; pelvic-fin long, reaching beyond anus.

This species is not traded often but may occasionally be exported as bycatch among shipments of other species. It can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: presence of large, exposed scales on top of head; dorsal-fin origin posterior to pelvic-fin origin; moderate to small size (to 29 mm SL); caudal-fin emarginate and with dark reticulations; caudal-fin lobes with dark, elongated spots along upper and lower edges.