Sipapo

The threespot eartheater, Satanoperca daemon, is a cichlid from the rio Negro, Casiquiare and upper Orinoco systems in Brazil, Venezuela and Colombia. It is mostly observed in acidic, mineral-poor blackwater. Relatively common in the aquarium trade, it is by no means easy to maintain, needing particular attention to space, diet, water quality and chemistry. Two dark blotches on the flank separate it from the similar S. lilith, which has only one.

Boulengerella lucius is a large, pelagic ctenoluciid from the central Amazon region in Brazil and the Río Orinoco in Venezuela. Named for its resemblance to the northern pike, it grows to 420 mm and is largely unsuitable for the home aquarium. Juveniles and subadults are sometimes available in the trade, often misidentified as B. maculata. Dark patches between the median caudal-fin rays and random dark spots on the lower flanks separate it from B. cuvieri and B. xyrekes.

Tatia galaxias is a wood catfish from the Orinoco river basin in Venezuela and Colombia, dark with small, round white spots like stars. It is sometimes confused with Tatia intermedia, in which the spots are longer and oval.