Brochis ephippifera

Brochis: from the Ancient Greek βρόχος (brochos), meaning 'loop', in allusion to what Cope described as a looped cord joining the barbels at the end of the upper jaw to the chin.

ephippifer: from the Latin ephippium, meaning 'saddlecloth', and Ancient Greek φέρω (féro), meaning 'bear, carry', in reference to the distinctive dark, saddle-like marking on the upper body in this species.

Native to the state of Amapá, northeastern Brazil, although detailed observations are scarce to non-existent.

Type locality is 'Cachoera Creek at right bank of Rio Amapari, 4 kilometers downstream of Casa do 7, Amapa State, Brazil'.

Ideally use a substrate of fine sand, although rounded gravel is an acceptable alternative provided it’s kept scrupulously clean.

Other décor is largely down to personal choice, but some cover should be provided to give the fish security.

Corydoras spp. are foraging omnivores and will accept most sinking dried foods, as well as small live and frozen varieties such as bloodworm, Tubifex, etc.

Feeding a varied diet will ensure the fish are in optimum condition.

Under no circumstances should they be expected to survive on 'left-overs' from other inhabitants of the aquarium or relied on to 'clean' the aquarium.

Peaceful and gregarious. Should be maintained in a group of at least 4-6 individuals.

Females tend to grow larger, and sexually mature individuals are noticeably rounder and higher-bodied than males.

This species appears superficially similar to a number of congeners including Brochis ambiacus, B. agassizii, Hoplisoma brevirostre, B. delphax, and H. melanistium. Among these B. ephippifera seems to be unique in that all fins except the dorsal are transparent and lack markings.

Unfortunately, more precise diagnostic characters cannot currently be provided since we’ve been unable to obtain the type description, and little seems to have been written about this species since it was published.

The genus Corydoras is included in the family Callichthyidae, of which members are often referred to collectively as 'armoured' or 'mailed' catfishes group due to the presence of bony plates in place of scales on the body.

Their taxonomy can be confusing, and numerous undescribed species are also thought to exist.

Fish of unconfirmed identification entering the aquarium hobby are therefore typically assigned a 'C' or 'CW' number for purposes of reference and organisation.

They are facultative air breathers and possess a modified, highly vascularised intestine which has evolved to facilitate uptake of atmospheric oxygen and aid survival in oxygen-deprived environments. In the aquarium you'll occasionally see them rising to the surface to take in gulps of air.

The stiffened pectoral-fin spines are capable of piercing human skin and a 'sting' can be very painful indeed, so care should be exercised when handling them.

It is thought that secretions from the axillary glands at the base of each spine may even be mildly toxic or venomous.