Central African Republic

Congochromis dimidiatus is a small cichlid of the central Congo basin in the Republic of the Congo and DR Congo, described from Bangui on the Ubangi. Most older aquarium literature knows it as Nanochromis dimidiatus. Its dark flank stripe runs into the caudal fin, which separates it from C. sabinae. Many museum records were identified before the genus was split, so some may belong to other species.

The leopard bushfish, Ctenopoma acutirostre, is an anabantoid from the middle Congo River basin, from Malebo Pool upstream to Boyoma Falls. Often sold as 'spotted climbing perch', it mimics leaves and other debris to stalk its prey, much like the unrelated South American leaf fish. Exceptionally hardy and long-lived, it can survive for over 15 years and makes an ideal species for the newcomer to 'oddballs'.

The red-barred lyretail, Aphyosemion elberti, is a killifish from central Cameroon and the upper Mambéré basin in the Central African Republic. Its range follows the Sanaga River system across Cameroon. It was described from 'Jade Plateau, Cameroon', which apparently corresponds to the Lebo River in what is now the Central African Republic.

The Bouala lyretail, Aphyosemion bualanum, is a killifish from the upper Benue and Mayo Kébbi systems in Cameroon, Central African Republic and Chad. It is listed as endangered by the IUCN. Before 1990 the name was misused for various populations of A. elberti.

Decorse's lyretail, Aphyosemion decorsei, is a killifish from the middle Ubangi River basin in the Central African Republic. The Ubangi is a major tributary of the Congo. The type locality is Bessou in Lobaye prefecture, and its range probably extends into northern Republic of Congo and Democratic Republic of Congo.

Epiplatys mesogramma is a killifish endemic to the Ubangi (or Oubangui) River drainage in southwestern Central African Republic. The Ubangi is the largest right-bank tributary of the Congo and drains an enormous region, but this species is known from only a handful of localities.